Why are diuretics prescribed to patients with diabetic insipidus?
If your nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is more severe, you may be administered a combination of thiazide diuretics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to limit the quantity of urine your kidneys generate.
Why do diabetics take thiazide diuretics?
The cardiovascular event reduction benefits of thiazide diuretics exceed the risk of deteriorating glucose control in type 2 diabetes and new-onset diabetes in non-diabetic individuals. Thiazides continue to serve a crucial role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
Helpful three-part strategy for a low-fat, plant-based, whole-food diet that treats and avoids Prediabetes/Diabetes II (also cures/prevents high blood pressure and high cholesterol). Very comprehensive description of insulin resistance and its treatment.
I’m pleased the book gave solid facts and information on why a low-carb, high-fat diet is not sustainable.
Diet works if you adhere to it, as simple as that. It is simple to sustain this diet long-term.
How can HCTZ assist diabetic insipidus?
In fact, following the original finding that HCTZ lowered urine volume and raised urine osmolality in patients with central or nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (9), it also showed to be helpful in lowering polyuria and raising urine osmolality in patients with Li-NDI (12).
How does thiazide inhibit urine production?
Thiazide diuretics lower total body sodium via an initial natriuresis, leading in a reduction in extracellular fluid volume and glomerular filtration rate. These alterations result in an increase in fluid reabsorption in the proximal renal tubule and a decrease in urine output.
What is the mechanism through which thiazide diuretics function?
The mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics is to inhibit sodium reabsorption and, therefore, fluid reabsorption; this directly reduces circulating sodium levels.
Which medication is effective in the treatment of diabetic insipidus?
Central diabetes insipidus. Typically, this kind is treated with desmopressin, a synthetic hormone (DDAVP, Nocdurna). This medicine reduces urination by replacing the anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). Desmopressin is available in tablet, nasal spray, and injectable form.
In diabetes, why is thiazide contraindicated?
Prolonged thiazide diuretic medication may lead to glucose intolerance and may sometimes trigger diabetes mellitus. Short-term metabolic investigations, epidemiologic studies, and a variety of clinical trials indicate a link between the long-term use of thiazide diuretics and the development of type 2 diabetes.
Can thiazide diuretics be used for diabetes?
In patients with hypertension, the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7)1 and the American Diabetes Association (ADA)2 recommend the use of thiazide diuretics (usually in addition to an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor).
What causes thiazide diuretics to induce hyperglycemia?
In addition, it is hypothesized that thiazide diuretics down-regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, reducing insulin release, as well as stimulating the reninangiotensin-aldosterone pathway, resulting in higher aldosterone levels and hyperglycemia.
How is the diuretic drug hydrochlorothiazide used to treat nephrogenic diabetic insipidus?
In the absence of ADH, hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that lowers urine volume. It may produce moderate volume depletion and proximal salt and water retention, hence decreasing blood flow to the ADH-sensitive distal nephron.
Why are thiazides preferable over furosemide in the treatment of hypertension?
Thiazide-type diuretics are effective first-line medicines for the treatment of hypertension since it has been shown that they decrease cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in systolic and diastolic types of hypertension at a reasonable cost.
What purpose does anti diuretic hormone serve?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a substance generated in the brain that decreases the quantity of urine produced by causing the kidneys to release less water. A high ADH level results in decreased urine production.
Why does thiazide cause urine volume to increase?
Thiazides stimulate urination by blocking the NaCl cotransporter on the luminal membrane of the first segment of the distal convoluted tubule, also known as the cortical diluting segment (Fig. 9-5).
Increase the frequency of urination?
Among the adverse consequences include increased urination and salt loss. Diuretics may also influence potassium levels in the blood. If you use a thiazide diuretic, your potassium level might drop dangerously low (hypokalemia), which can lead to life-threatening cardiac difficulties.
How does hydrochlorothiazide stimulate urination?
What effect does hydrochlorothiazide have? Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic (water pill) used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and fluid retention (edema). It functions by preventing salt and fluid reabsorption in the kidneys, resulting in increased urine production (diuresis).
Do diuretics suppress ADH?
The administration of a loop diuretic inhibits the buildup of sodium chloride in the medulla, hence interfering with this process. Thus, whereas the loop diuretic may enhance ADH levels by generating volume depletion, the weakening of the medullary gradient reduces the response to ADH [9].
Why do thiazides deplete potassium?
A portion of the potassium and hydrogen ion loss caused by loop and thiazide diuretics is due to the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway as a consequence of decreased blood volume and arterial pressure.
What is the difference between thiazide and diuretics that are similar to thiazide?
Thiazides, such as chlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide, are benzothiadiazine derivatives with the suffix -thiazide; thiazide-like diuretics, such as metolazone, indapamide, and chlorthalidone, are sulfonamide derivatives.
What are the three P’s associated with diabetic insipidus?
Diabetes is characterized by polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia. These phrases relate, respectively, to increases in thirst, urination, and hunger. The three P’s often appear together, but not always.
Is vasopressin a treatment for diabetic insipidus?
The treatment of both central and gestational diabetes insipidus. The first-line therapy for central diabetic insipidus is desmopressin. This medicine functions as an antidiuretic hormone (ADH, or vasopressin). Desmopressin may be administered as an injection, a tablet, or a nasal spray.
The pathogenesis of diabetic insipidus is as follows:
An imbalance in the functioning or levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, causes diabetes insipidus. ADH, which is produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland, serves to control the body’s fluid balance.
How can thiazide diuretics aid insipidus diabetes?
Abstract. Thiazides have been used to lower urine volume in individuals with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), however the mechanism by which it achieves the paradoxical antidiuretic action is unknown.
Why are diuretics avoided in diabetic patients?
Diuretics may influence blood glucose levels because they inhibit glucose metabolism. When the body is unable to properly break down glucose, the glucose level in the blood increases.
What is the best diuretic for diabetes?
We conclude that Indapamide is safe and effective for decreasing blood pressure and leads to improved glucose and lipid management in diabetic and dyslipidemic individuals compared to conventional diuretics.
How exactly do thiazide diuretics induce hyponatremia?
(1) The tendency of thiazides to increase hyponatremia is related to the suppression of urine dilution caused by decreased reabsorption of NaCl in the distal renal tubules. In contrast, loop diuretics do not inhibit urine dilution and are not linked with salt decrease.
This is the finest diabetic book that I have ever read. The excellent ones all recommend a high-carbohydrate, low-fat, plant-based diet, but this one explains why we should follow this diet. I have been a whole-food, plant-based eater for around five years, but I ate too many nuts, nut butters, and seeds despite the fact that they are entire foods.
As soon as I read the explanation in this book, I saw why too much fat was harmful. My insulin consumption went from 30 units per day to 12 units per day, and it seems to be moving even lower, and my blood sugar management has improved to the point that it is almost predictable, while on a high-fat diet, my blood sugar was like a random walk.
I adore this book! BTW, except when I’m fasting, I’m never hungry. Intermittent fasting is not required, but it does help you lose weight and activate your cellular defenses. Eating according to the advice in this book will help mend your metabolic disease, and you will lose weight. Good luck!!!!